Peculiarities of numerical simulation of river flows in analyzing the consequences of ship accidents

Abstract

The consequence of accidents with ships may be the ingress of cargo and fuel into the riverbed. To predict the consequences of such accidents in some cases (the presence of specially protected areas, the proximity of water intake facilities, etc.), it is necessary to take into account the hydromorphological features of the riverbed. One of the stages of such accounting is numerical modeling of river flow. In this paper, the authors analyzed the features of such modeling. For this purpose, a research scheme was drawn up, a mathematical apparatus was selected, a river section was selected, on the example of which the authors studied the features of the modeling process. In addition, based on a comparison of different approaches to modeling the turbulence process, it is concluded that it is preferable for sites with the presence of backwater tanks, stagnant zones and breakaway flows to model not the dissipation of turbulent energy, but the specific kinetic energy of turbulence. It reproduces the flow structure more correctly, speeds up the calculation process and gives better convergence of solutions. The results obtained in this work can be used to analyze the influence of river flow characteristics on the spread of pollution in ship accidents.